Day 13 – Q 3.What is aurora australis? How does it occur? Also examine its effects.
3. What is aurora australis? How does it occur? Also examine its effects.
औरोरा ऑस्ट्रलिस क्या है? यह कैसे उत्पन्न होता है? इसके प्रभावों की भी जांच करें।
Introduction:
Aurora is a natural display of lights in the Earth’s sky which is predominantly seen in higher-latitude regions. It also known as Polar lights. Aurora Australis is a phenomenon which occurs in southern hemisphere.
Body:
How does it occur:
- Charged particles from the sun’s corona are constantly striking near the Earth and are more or less deflected by the Earth’s magnetic field, which in turn protects life on the Earth from being harmed by these solar winds.
- When these charged particles encounter the Earth’s magnetic field, they end up traveling along the field lines with some of them ending up interacting with the magnetic field lines, cutting across the field, thus producing a current which can accumulate to upwards of 10 million megawatts.
- This current ends up creating a fairly unstable state in the magnetosphere. Occasionally, some of this current is discharged causing electrons in the magnetosphere to spiral down towards the poles and through the Earth’s upper atmosphere.
- As it descends into the atmosphere, it collides with primarily oxygen and nitrogen. When this happens, the atoms move to high energy orbitals. This state is fairly unstable for these atoms and they will return fairly quickly to their normal orbitals.
- To do so, they must release the excess energy they have stored up from this collision by emitting a photon. With enough of these atoms going from the high orbital state to the low orbital state, it will produce enough light to be viewable to the naked eye by people standing in appropriate locations on Earth.
Effects:
Positive effects:
- Tourism: It attracts tourists and helps in revenue inflow to economy.
- Power generation: It can help in generation of power since it has huge accumulation up to 10 million megawatts.
- Health: They are magical to watch. It is said to have therapeutic effects on humans.
Negative effects:
The electric field and currents have negative effects on:
- GPS signals.
- Power lines.
- Power back up systems like Batteries.
- Radiation: The radiation from aurora is said to have effect on plant and animal life.
- Space stations and satellites: The charges released from it affects the environment inside space stations and satellites in the orbit.
Note: 1-2 lines explanations are needed for each point.
Conclusion:
Auroras is said to benefit fundamental sciences. But in a world where the global economy is built on electricity, communications and space data, being able to manage and protect infrastructure is vital.
Best Answer: Vipasha Parul
