Day 21 – Q.1. Account for the factors that have led to regional imbalance of development in India.
1. Account for the factors that have led to a regional imbalance of development in India.
उन कारकों की जाँच करें जिन्होंने भारत में विकास के क्षेत्रीय असंतुलन को जन्म दिया है।
Approach:
- This is a direct question. “Account” is a keyword here.
- In introduction, try to give an idea about the subject matter of the question asked very shortly.
- In body of the answer, explain briefly maximum number of factors responsible for regional imbalance of development.
- An optimist conclusion, with mention of government measures will be sufficient here.
Introduction
- The prevalence of regional disparity is a common phenomenon and present in both developed and developing countries.
- India, being socially diverse and geographically a vast country, is also facing the serious regional imbalance of development. There are many factors that led to this imbalance.
- Right from the independence achieving balanced development for the whole country had been the aim and challenge before the policy makers of India.
Factors responsible for regional imbalance of development in India
Historical Factors
- There are areas such as Mumbai, Masulipatnam etc. which were centers of trade for long period of time due to which areas surrounding them became more developed than the hinterland India.
- On the other hand colonial exploitation and partition of the country left certain areas such as West Bengal and Assam struggling to climb the ladder of development.
Social Factors
- Population pressure and lack of education are also few of the most important factors responsible for regional disparity.
- High total fertility rate (TFR) and comparatively low literacy rate has virtually divided India into developed south and struggling north.
- Education is an important factor for development of any region, whereas population creates pressure on available resources.
Economic factors
- Industrialisation, Green revolution, imbalanced connectivity and infrastructure are some of the economic factors behind regional disparity in India.
- For example, in Agriculture, mostly western states benefitted from Green Revolution, leaving eastern states in the state of poverty.
Political Factors
- These are another group of factors responsible for regional imbalances.
- Political stability, development agenda played their role in development of Kerala, Goa and such other regions.
- Similarly, Land reforms also played important role in development of regions. Areas where land reforms were not successfully implemented, are still struggling for development.
Geographical Factors
- Coastal location, difficult terrain, availability of natural resources plays important role in development of any region.
- Western States from Gujarat till Kerala and Eastern states Tamil Nadu and Andhra are gainers due to their geographic location. Trade in these states prospered more than interior states.
- Whereas, resource rich states such as Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh are suffering from “Resource Curse”.
- Similarly, North-Eastern states are suffering deprivation in terms of development due to difficult terrain. Important infrastructure required for development, such as railways and roadways, are difficult to built there.
Conclusion
- Balanced regional growth is necessary for the harmonious development of a nation. Unless it is achieved, a nation cannot say to be developed in real sense.
- Therefore, India is rightly pushing for cooperative and competitive federalism, and decentralisation.
- Make in India, Airport developments, and such other many schemes and programs are working to overcome all these factors.
- Still there is need to do more to achieve New India by 2022.
Best Answer: Abhiroop Biswas
